A stakeholder is: |
1. |
Any person in or outside the organisation who has a stake in the project in one way or anothers |
2. |
Any person in or outside the organisation whose interests can be positively or negatively influenced by the project |
| |
The management of stakeholders |
The project owner and project manager have no authority over the stakeholders. Stakeholders must therefore be involved in such a way that theyr buy in on the process and feel part of it. |
1. |
The project owner and project manager compile a complete list of all stakeholders. |
2. |
The stakeholders are divided into categories, depending on the influence they have on the project. (See classification model at bottom.) |
3. |
The list is regularly updated as all stakeholders are not involved from the start. |
4. |
Draw up a communication plan taking into account the various stakeholders and their needs. |
5. |
Inform the stakeholders of the responsibilities of the project manager. |
6. |
Involve the stakeholders and their expertise where this can add value to the project. |
7. |
Poor stakeholder management is a risk for the project. This can lead to interference, confusion and a low morale among team members. |
| |
Model for classification of stakeholders |
1. |
There are two categories for the classification of stakeholders: |
|
a) Attitude towards the project |
|
Attitude (from "in favour of" to "opposed to") |
In favour of |
Very high |
4 |
High |
3 |
Medium |
2 |
Low |
1 |
Neutral |
Neutral |
0 |
Opposed to |
Low |
-1 |
Medium |
-2 |
High |
-3 |
Very high |
-4 |
|
|
b) Influence on the project |
|
Influence (from "influenced by" to "influence on") |
Influenced by |
Very high |
4 |
High |
3 |
Medium |
2 |
Low |
1 |
Neutral |
Neutral |
0 |
Influence on |
Low |
-1 |
Medium |
-2 |
High |
-3 |
Very high |
-4 |
|
2. |
Transfer the values allocated to each stakeholder in the attached table (in Excel). |
3. |
Four quadrants appear:: |
|
Quadrant |
Type of stakeholder |
S |
Supporters |
A |
Allies |
O |
Obstacles |
E |
Enemies |
On any line |
Fence-sitters |
|
4. |
Communicate with all stakeholders irrespective of the quadrant into which they fall.
Actions to neutralise stakeholders in Quadrant E or to get them on board become part of the project plan |
