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Description

A

Activity

Aktiwiteit

The smallest unit of work as identified in a work breakdown structure. (In certain methodologies it can be the equivalent of a task. In others the activity can be divided into tasks.)

Actual information (Actuals)

Werklike inligting

Information indicating what has actually happened or what was realised e.g. the actual date on which a task was executed instead of the assumed date.

Allocation

Toekenning

The percentage of a resource allocated to a specific task.

Assumption

Veronderstelling

Any factor that, for the purpose of planning, is accepted as true and certain e.g. that the relevant resources must be available.

B

Baseline plan

Basisplan

The project plan as approved for implementation and against which progress can be measured.

Best practices

Beste praktyke

The winning strategies, approaches and processes resulting in exceptional achievements in a specific environment.

Budget

Begroting

The estimated cost of a project.

C

Change Management

Veranderingsbestuur

The formal set of rules used to manage any changes to a project after it has already been approved.

Change Request

Veranderingsversoek

A request, according to prescribed rules, to change the determined scope of the work.

Collapsed Tasks

Opgerolde Take

If a main task comprises more than one subtask, all the subordinate tasks are "rolled up" (collapsed) into only one main summarised task.

Constraint

Beperking

Anything obliging the project to remain within certain parameters or rules of the game e.g.
1. Finances (project costs, capital costs, income, staff costs),
2. Time (to deliver results by a given date)
3. Quality (to achieve the scope and specifications of standards)

(In MS Project constraint refers specifically to starting and final dates.)

Contingency

Onvoorsiene uitgawes

Additional funds built into the project plan to cover events not envisaged during planning. (These are usually associated with realising a risk and are not to be used to compensate for poor planning!)

Contingency Fund

Gebeurlikheidsfondse

Funds used only if a risk is realised and the risk action plan must be implemented.

Critical path

Kritieke pad

The sequence of activities to be completed on schedule so that the whole project can be completed on schedule. This is in other words the shortest path through the work plan. If one of these activities is delayed by one day, the whole project is delayed by one day (unless another activity in this path can be accelerated by one day).

D

Deadline

Sperdatum

A target date indicating when a task must be completed.

Default

Verstek

The initial configuration or set up of a programme or hardware representing the preference of the user.

Delay

Vertraging

The amount of time between the scheduled start of a task and the time when it actually commences.

Deliverable

Aflewerbare

The measurable, tangible output of a specific objective of the project e.g. documents, plans, systems, buildings, etc. This is the end result of a task or a range of tasks.

Dependencies

Afhanklikhede

When there is a logical relationship between certain deliverables and certain events must take place before others can follow.

Duration

Tydsduur

The actual working time used to complete a task taking the availability of resources and other factors into consideration

Available units:

min = minute		emin = elapsed minutes
hr = hour		ehr = elapsed hours
day = day		edays = elapsed days
wk = week		ewk = elapsed weeks
mo = month		emo = elapsed months

E

Effort

"Effort"

How long a task will take in ideal circumstances.

Elapsed Duration

Verstreke Tydsduur

Additional time – when the planned time has expired – that will take the task to completion.

Expanding

Uitbrei

When a main task is opened to see which tasks are subordinate to it.

F

Field

Veld

A specific area on a page or a form containing specific information regarding a task or resource.

Filter

Filter

A way in which information is selected according to certain criteria.

Fixed Costs

Vaste Kostes

A cost remaining constant despite the duration of the task or work executed by the resources.

Fixed Duration Scheduling

Vaste tydsduur skedulering

A scheduling method where the duration of a task remains the same despite the resources allocated to the task e.g. a fixed deadline.

G

Global File

Oorhoofse Lκer

A MS Project file containing information that can be used for various projects.

Guideline

Riglyn

Recommended approach for a specific task or action.

H

Hyperlink

Snelskakel

Data, distinguished by colour, containing a link to another file or area in a file. When the link is selected, the browser opens the associated document.

I

Intangible

Nie-tasbaar

A type of deliverable whose value is based on its contents e.g. a manual.

Inflexible Constraint

Onbuigbare Beperking

A constraint associated with a date and which can therefore not be changed.

Interim Plan

Tussentydse Plan

A provisional plan containing information about starting and final dates, resources and costs.

Issue

Kwessie

A risk that was realised.

L

Lag Time

Wagtyd

The waiting time between independent tasks e.g. where a task has to be completed before the following task can commence.

Lead Time

Oorvleuelde Tyd

Overlapping between interdependent tasks e.g. a task can only commence when the previous task has been completed halfway.

Leveling

Hulpbronbalansering

Using various techniques to solve the over allocation of resources.

Leveling Delay

Hulpbronbalansering vertraging

The time that levelling has delayed a task since the initial starting date.

Linking

Samevoeging

Interdependency between the starting and final dates of projects.

Log

Opgawe

List of important information required for the successful control of the project.

M

Master Project

Meester Projek

A project comprising various subprojects.

Milestone

Mylpaal

A milestone is a scheduling element indicating that a key deliverable, or a set of related deliverables, has been achieved. It has an 0 duration per definition and no allocated resources. It is a little flag in the plan indicating that important work has been completed. It is usually used to measure and evaluate progress.

N

Naming Convention

Benamingskonvensie

A component indicating how names and structures must be compiled.

Nonworking time

Nie-werkstyd

The time when no tasks can be scheduled because no work is being done.

Note

Nota

Explanatory data associated with a task or a resource

O

Objective

Doelwit

A precise description of what the project wants to achieve and against which success will be measured when completed. (Every project has objectives specifically focusing on the way in which the project implements the strategic priorities of the organisation.) Objectives are measured in terms of SMART principles: Specific, Measurable, Attainable/Achievable, Realistic and Time bound

Over-allocation

Oorallokasie

When more tasks are allocated to a task than the resource can handle during the available working time.

P

Percent Complete

Persentasie Voltooid

A file used to indicate how far a task has progressed (in percentage).

Phase

Fase

A group of interrelated tasks trying to reach the same goal.

Plan

Plan

A group of tasks with starting and final dates, resources and costs.

Predecessor

Voorganger

A task that has to commence or be concluded before another task can begin or be concluded.

Priority

Prioriteit

An indication of the importance of a task in relation to other tasks.

Procedure

Prosedure

A clear specification of the sequence, time calculation, execution, etc. of a process.

Programme

Program

An overarching name for a group of related projects. (In order to avoid confusion this concept cannot be used in an academic environment because it has a different connotation there).

Project Life Cycle

Projeksiklus

The processes and phases through which a project typically progresses from its beginning to its end.

Q

Quality

Kwaliteit

The standards required for a product, process or project.

R

Recurring Task

Herhalende Taak

A task recurring continuously during the duration of a project.

Release

Weergawe

The subsequent copy of a document or programme after the original has been changed.

Report

Verslag

The format in which selected information is conveyed.

Resource Allocation

Hulpbrontoekenning

The allocation of resources to tasks in a project.

Resource-Driven Scheduling

Hulpbrongedrewe Skedulering

A scheduling method basing the duration of a task on the amount of work required by the task and the resources and number of resource units allocated to it.

Resource Group

Hulpbrongroep

A group of resources sharing certain characteristics grouped under a group name.

Resource Pool

Hulpbronpoel

A group of resources available for allocation to project tasks.

Resources

Hulpbronne

The people, equipment and materials required to complete the tasks in a project.

Risk

Risiko

Any event that can happen in all likelihood and which can prevent the realisation of the project's objectives and deliverables.

Roll up

Oprol

Subtasks can be rolled up to a summarised level so that important dates can be clearly visible.

S

Schedule

Skedule

The organisation of tasks in a project according to task dependencies, duration, constraints and time-oriented project information.

Scheduled

Geskeduleerd

The latest information concerning the project including the actual and remaining dates, duration and costs for tasks that have already commenced, and the latest projected dates, duration and costs for tasks that have not yet commenced.

Scope

Omvang

A precise indication of what is included in the project and what is not.

Slack

Speling

The amount of time that a task can exceed the allocated time before it affects the task's other dates or the project's final date.

Split Task

Gedeelde Taak

A task of which the scheduling was interrupted e.g. a two-day task not requiring continuous work and which can be split so that the first day is scheduled for Monday and the second day for Thursday.

Stakeholders

Aandeelhouers

Specific persons or groups, within and outside organisations, with an interest in the outcome of the project.

Standard

Standaard

A required approach for a specific task or action.

Subproject

Subprojek

A project that can be independent but also forms part of a bigger project.

Successor

Opvolger

A task that cannot commence before another task has been completed.

Summary Task

Opsommingstaak

A task comprising subtasks and which summarises those subtasks.

T

Tangible

Tasbaar

A type of deliverable containing a value in itself e.g. a building.

Task

Taak

A relatively small unit of work with a definite beginning and end (therefore a fixed duration) done by one or more persons to achieve a deliverable.

Task Relationship

Taakverhouding

The relationship between tasks associated with one another in one way or the other.

Timescale

Tydskaal

The time period direction appearing at the top of all spread sheets. It comprises a main time scale and a smaller time scale under it. Time scales can be indicated in units of minutes, hours, days, weeks, a third of months, terms, half-years and years.

U

Under-allocation

Onderallokasie

Allocate a resource to work fewer hours than the hours the resource is available.

V

Variance

Afwyking

The difference between scheduled and actual tasks or resource information e.g. between scheduled dates and actual dates.

W

Work

Werk

For tasks – the total person hours required for resources to complete the task
For assignments – the amount of work allocated to a resource for a specific task.
For resources – the amount of work allocated to a resource for all tasks.
Work differs from duration.

Work Breakdown Structure

Werkstruktuur

* Indicate graphically the full scope of a project.
* Indicate graphically how the various tasks have been divided into measurable, realistic units.
* Indicate the responsibilities for each task and subtask.
* Serves as a list of tangible milestones.
* Indicate clearly the starting and final dates
* Is easy to understand
* Has a degree of flexibility to accommodate changes to the project.

Working Time

Werktyd

Hours allocated in a resource or project calendar during which work can be done.